consumer movement a diverse group of individuals, groups and organizations
attempting to protect the rights of consumers
The period in the business cycle in
which there is extremely high unemployment, low wages, minimum total disposable
income, and a lack of confidence in the economy by consumer is: depression
it is a ready source of buying power : disposable income
discretionary income
Income left over after an individual pays taxes and
purchases the basic necessities of food, clothing and shelter is called:
the procedure used to predict the
effects of new products and processes on a firm or on society in general - Technology
Assessment
international marketing?
developing and performing
marketing activities across national boundaries
Standardised Nike and Adidas
shoes worldwide is an example of
_ globalization
Global marketing—
its marketing strategy as if the
world is a single entity
\ marketing strategy
selecting
and analyzing a target
market and creating and maintaining an appropriate marketing mix
Taxes
levied on imports into a country are called: tariffs
manufacturer is allowed to sell only a
certain numberÜ a quota
The gross domestic product
ü an overall measure of a nation’s economic standing
A spending pattern
that indicates the annual amounts households spend for particular products
within a general product class is called: a product specific spending pattern
The type of competitive structure that exists when a firm
with many potential competitors attempts to develop a differential marketing
strategy to establish its own market share is: Monopolistic
Competition
international marketing=developing and performing marketing
activities across national boundaries.
€ “International mkting 'S upper stage anu global
mkting”
MOST easily
standardised = product
Buys and sells= trading company
Licensing = The appropriate stratagy for the countries with less economic stability
partnership
between a domestic firm and a foreign firm is known as ü a joint venture
Franchising is a
common route to internationalization used by
ü industrial
conglomerates
ü
companies, who are usually rivals, come together to do
business on a worldwide basis, this partnership is known as a strategic alliance
Conglomerates alarge
corporation formed by the merging of a
few separate firms
marketing
environment= dynamic and changing
marketing concept affects - most efforts of the
organisation
All of the
following are marketing management tasks EXCEPT: project development and analysis
The
type of product that results from applying human and mechanical efforts to people or objects is: a service
When Campbell’s introduced its
line of low-sodium soups in response to
consumer demand, it was following which one of the following philosophies; Marketing concept
üThe marketing concept is a philosophy
that states that an organisation should try to satisfy customers’ needs and at
the same time:
achieve the organisation’s goals.
üdistribution,
promotion, and price of the company’s product
marketing mix
Evaluating marketing performance by comparing it to established standards is
part of: marketing
control
üglobalization = satisfy
consumers in the whole world
üfor becoming globalised
(go international)product the most difficult thing in \ Advertising
a nation’s exports - its imports = balance of
payments
Export agents
bring buyers and
sellers from different countries together and collect a commission for
arranging sales
purchased through routine decision
making?=softdrink
also routine response behaviour)
limited decision making
some shopping around before making a purchase decision= shirt
Extensive decision making
comparing the ranges of furniture in
different retail stores
comparing over a huge area.
Internal search= self nottam previous
The major factors used
to divide markets into consumer markets or organizational marketsF
F buyer
characteristics and the purposes for which they buy products
influences that are
believed to influence the consumer buying decisionD
low-involvement decision making
PURCHASE WITH OUT MUCH
THOUGHTS
Perception is a three-step process that involves
F selecting,
organizing and interpreting information inputs
üOnce a
company makes a long term commitment to a foreign market that has a promising political and economic environment,
what becomes a possibility?= Direct ownership
üapproach to international marketing involves
least risk and minimum effort? =exporting
üReading through a copy
of Loaded containing advertisements for sweaters from Ralph Lauren, Levi
Strauss jeans and tennis shoes from Adidas, Martin remembers only the shoe ad,
thanks to the recent tear in his Reeboks. Martin has engaged in selective
retention
üchange
in an individual’s behaviour prompted by information and experience is called d= learning
learning
üA culture can be divided into subcultures according
to
Fgeographic regions or human
characteristics, such as age or ethnic background
Projective technique = project
polathe method (motivation
research )
üThe set of actions and
activities associated with each position one holds within a group, organization
or institution constitutes
F a role
üA culture can be divided into subcultures
according to
F geographic regions or
human characteristics, such as age or ethnic background
‘Cognitive dissonance’
Shortly after purchasing a
product, the post purchase evaluation may result in cognitive dissonance.
Cognitive dissonance is best defined
as
üdoubts that occur because the
buyer questions whether the decision to purchase the product was right
üconsumer decision making=extensive
F oru padu chintikkenda karyam many
shops
üBefore
hosting a dinner party, Pankaj notices that he does not have enough dishes and
decides to look for another set. Pankaj has just gone through which stage of
the consumer decision-making process?= Problem recognition
ü External search
Stirling Hotels places an
advertisement with a coupon in the travel section of the Sunday Times. This ad
is intended to help consumers in which phase of the decision-making processG
ü When shopping for detergent,
PRIYA looks at Tide, Date, Surf and Ariel and chooses the one that is on
promotional offer. These brands make up her
= evoked
set
N
The strategy used during maturity to attempt to increase the consumption of
the current product is called=
F market modificatio
(Market vikasanam)(ennal kootutal kachavatam undakum
© Setting prices as low as possible typically supports which of the following
marketing objectives?
market-share
leadership
N at
what price they had to sell a computer for it to appeal to its target market.
It then designed a computer with the cost structure to meet the targeted price
= target
costing
=Before setting
his prices. Zach conducted a market research study to learn what consumers
would pay. Zach appears to be using which type of pricing method?
-value-based
üThe difference between a voluntary chain and a retain
cooperative is
din the merchandising
and promotional aspects
\ Which of the following
factors should be considered when setting the advertising budget?
1) stage
in the product life cycle 2) market share
€ Sales people write their
completed activities on ____________ =- call reports
€Setting call objectives
is done during this stage
= preapproach
NA
corporate website is designed to do all the following except = directly sell
products
ü Individuals and business
organizations that purchase products for the purpose of making profit either by
using the products to produce other products or by using them in their
operations are classified as: producer markets
his purchases must be accountable to the public=
government
üA practice
unique to organizational sales in which two organizations agree to buy from
each other
= a reciprocity
arrangement
÷
ü
Introduction
When a product is new the organisations objective will be
to inform the target
audience of its entry. Television, radio, magazine,
coupons etc may be used to push
the product through the introduction stage of the
lifecycle. Push and Pull Strategies
will be used at this crucial stage.
Growth
As the product becomes accepted by the target market the
organisation at this stage
of the lifecycle the organisation works on the strategy
of further increasing brand
awareness to encourage loyalty.
Maturity
At this stage with increased competition the organisation
take persuasive tactics to
encourage the consumers to purchase their product over
their rivals. Any
differential advantage will be clearly communicated to
the target audience to
inform of their benefit over
their competitors.
Decline
As the product reaches the decline stage the organisation
will use the strategy of
reminding people of the product
to slow the inevitable
÷The fact that organisational customers purchase
products to be used directly or indirectly in the production of goods and
services to satisfy customers’ needs means that demand for industrial products
is : derived
÷Gatekeeper
üBEST characterizes marketing research
÷ research is conducted on a special-project
basis
üAn intuitive
manager
÷ uses personal
knowledge and experience to make decisions
N An aggregate of people
who, as individuals, have needs for products in a product class and have the
ability, willingness and authority to purchase such products is called a: market
ü McDonald’s uses a
segmentation strategy for its sandwiches based on characteristics such as age, gender and income.
It is using which group of segmentation variables? Demographic
ü Family life cycle is most likely to be based
on: ÷ marital status and age of children
üThe
psychographic variable that includes numerous
characteristics related to people’s activities, interests and opinions is: ÷ lifestyle
üMarketers of Procter & Gamble products define
markets on the basis of both
volume usage of the product and annual family income. This is an example
of which market segmentation approach?
÷ multivariable
_______________________________________________________________
ü Campbell offers “Soup for One” to
small households. In this instance, the firm is conducting segmentation based
on: family life cycle
ü By expanding its selection of cards
for Grandparent’s Day, Hallmark is responding to changes in which segmentation
based on: family life cycle
ü An example of
a convenience consumer
product is petrol
ü B.D.SHARMA called several airlines to compare rates and
chose a flight on VAISHNO DEVI as it had a better reputation for service and
competitive prices. The airline ticket is an example of which type of
product? Shopping
ü Industrial
products are
Products that are relatively inexpensive and are purchased frequently with
minimal effort can be classified as _______ products.. convenience
Industrial products
are
traditionally
classified according to their characteristics and intended uses
ü Procter &Gamble makes at least eight different
detergents. This illustrates = product mix depth
ü A product item can be best described as a component of a
marketing mix
product line
ü A group of closely related product items that are
considered to be a unit because of marketing, technical, or end-use
considerations is a product
üdepth
of a product mix is measured by the average number of
different products
offered in each product line
ü Beatrice Company mar5kets such diverse
products as Rosarita Mexican foods and Samsonite
luggage. These various offerings exhibit Beatrice’s product mix width
|
÷÷÷÷ Width = entirely
different pdts
÷÷÷÷ Depth = same pdts but variety ara available
|
üAggressive
pricing is typical during the ________ stage of the product life
cycle ÷ growth
üSales
usually start to decline _____ of the product life cycle.
during the maturity stage
üAn ad that stresses “Demand the real
Lucas Wine Cooler; accept no substitutes!” is best geared for which stage of
the product life cycle? Growth
üPersil is the best selling laundry
detergent in the UK. When Lever Bros. used the Persil brand name for its washing
up liquid it was adopting ____ policy a brand extension
branding
üWhich of the following is NOT a
desirable feature for a brand name? it can become used
as the generic name for all products in the category
üThe
Nike swoosh that is prominent on all of the firm’s packaging, products and
advertising is a: brand mark
A prospect means
a customer who is likely to
be interested in bank’s product or service
ü A Lead means
a prospect who is more
likely to avail of the Bank’s Product
ü A Call means
calling on prospective customers
ü Marketing information means
knowledge of customer profile and
product mix
ü If Marketing is done effectively, which of he following is not required ?
Publicity
üMotivation means
Inspiring employees to perform better
ü A
Target Market is
that which consists of customers who
need the identified product
ü Sales
forecasting involve
1)
Sales Planning 2) Sales Pricing 3) Distribution Channels 4) Consumer Tastes
üISP= Internet Service Provider
ü In banks ROA means_____Return on Assets
ü ESOP stands for _____Employees
Stock Option Plan
üRelationship
Selling means = Selling to relatives
üHNI
means - High
Networth Individual
ü Digital
Banking means = Internet Banking and Telebanking
üCustomer Loyalty means ÷Customers banking with one bank
exclusively
üGift of the gab means = good coommunication skills
ü The ability to find an individual item in a file immediately _____ is used.
÷ sequential access
üTo make
a notebook act as a desktop model, the notebook can be connected to a _____
which is connected
to a monitor and other devices.
÷docking station
üA collection of related files is called a
÷ record
ü________ is the process of finding errors in software code.
÷ testing
üA _______ contains specific rules and words that express the logical steps
of an algorithm
÷ syntax
üChanging an existing document is called _____ the document
÷ editing
üVirtual memory is = memory on the
hard disk that the CPU uses as an extended RAM
ü Computers use the ______ number system to store data and perform
calculations
÷ binary
üTo move to the beginning of a line of text, press the _____ key.
÷ Home
üWhen sending an e-mail, the ______ line describes the contents of the
message
÷ subject
üWhich groups do you work with when formatting text in Word ?
÷ Tables, paragraphs and indexes
üBuying motives are ___
÷Those influences or considerations which provide the
impulse to buy, induce action or determine choice in
the
purchase of goods or services.
ü
FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) the purchase
decision process tends to be shorter/quicker, and for habitual purchase
behaviour or repeat purchases the decision process is short-circuited.
ü The stages
of the buyer decision process
the recognition of the problem, the search for
information, an evaluation of all
available alternatives, the selection of the final product
and its supplier (of course services are included) and then ultimately the post-purchase
evaluation
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